Comprehensive notes, MCQs, and Short Questions for Chapter 7 Legal and Ethical Aspects. Covers Terms of Use, Privacy Threats, Digital Divide, and Digital Citizenship.
Definition: Legal agreements (also known as Terms and Conditions) that explain how a product or service can be used. They act as a contract between the provider and the user.
Importance:
- Protection of Rights: Explains user rights (privacy, refunds) and company rights.
- Transparency: Clarifies what is allowed and what is forbidden.
- Legal Safeguards: Protects businesses from lawsuits by setting clear rules.
Common Clauses:
- User Obligations: Rules users must follow (e.g., providing real names).
- Privacy Policy: How data is collected and used.
- Intellectual Property: Protection of content (logos, posts) from theft.
- Termination: When a service can ban a user.
Spam: Unwanted messages (email/SMS) that waste time and may contain scams.
Spyware: Malicious software that secretly monitors user activity and steals data.
Cookies: Small files saved by websites to remember user info. While useful, tracking cookies can invade privacy.
Phishing: Fake emails pretending to be from trusted sources (banks) to steal passwords.
Pharming: Redirecting users to fake websites even if they type the correct URL.
Definition: The gap between those who have access to modern ICT (Internet, computers) and those who do not.
Causes:
- Economic Barriers: Poverty makes devices unaffordable.
- Geographical Barriers: Rural areas lack internet infrastructure.
- Digital Literacy Gap: Lack of skills to use technology effectively.
Impacts:
- Educational Inequality: Students without internet fall behind.
- Economic Disparity: Limited job opportunities for the unconnected.
Definition: Using technology responsibly, respectfully, and ethically.
Key Practices:
- Responsible Behavior: Avoiding cyberbullying and fake news.
- Ethical Use of Info: Respecting copyrights and citing sources (avoiding plagiarism).
- Cybersecurity Awareness: Using strong passwords and avoiding scams.
Definition: Working together using digital tools to solve complex problems.
Human-Machine Collaboration: Humans provide judgment and creativity, while machines provide speed and data processing accuracy.
Tools: Google Docs, Slack, Trello help teams work together remotely.