Comprehensive notes, MCQs, and Short Questions for Chapter 6 Emerging Technologies. Covers AI, Cloud Computing, Blockchain, IoT, and AR/VR.
Definition: New technologies that are currently developing or will be developed over the next five to ten years, and which will substantially alter the business and social environment.
Examples: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, IoT (Internet of Things), Cloud Computing, AR/VR, 5G.
Definition: The delivery of computing services—servers, storage, databases, networking, software—over the Internet (“the cloud”).
Service Models:
- IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Rents IT infrastructure (servers, VMs). Example: AWS EC2.
- PaaS (Platform as a Service): Environment for developing, testing, delivering software. Example: Google App Engine.
- SaaS (Software as a Service): Software delivered over the internet. Example: Google Workspace, Dropbox.
Deployment Models:
- Public Cloud: Shared resources (AWS, Azure).
- Private Cloud: Dedicated to one organization.
- Hybrid Cloud: Mix of public and private.
Definition: A decentralized, distributed ledger technology that records transactions across many computers so that the record cannot be altered retroactively.
Key Features:
- Decentralization: No single control authority.
- Immutability: Data once written cannot be changed.
- Transparency: All participants can view the ledger.
Applications: Cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin), Smart Contracts, Supply Chain Tracking.
Definition: A network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.
Examples: Smart Homes (thermostats, lights), Wearables (smartwatches), Industrial IoT.
Augmented Reality (AR): Overlays digital content onto the real world (e.g., Pokémon GO, Snapchat filters).
Virtual Reality (VR): Creates a fully immersive simulated environment (e.g., Oculus Rift gaming).
Edge Computing: Processing data closer to where it is generated (the edge) rather than in a centralized cloud. Reduces latency.
Serverless Architecture: Developers build and run applications without managing servers (e.g., AWS Lambda). Resources are automatically allocated.